1) select the text area I want to blur (click and drag to create the selection box)
2) choose 'effect' / 'effect...', (effect window appears)
3) turn on 'preview' - original image appears in the 'Effect' window, with 'before' and 'after' versions left/right.
4) choose Filter/Blur from the list, and set an intensity of 50%
5) (nothing changes on preview image or base image)
6) turn on 'apply to image' (upper right) - nothing changes.
7) turn off 'apply to image' and instead, hit 'apply' button (lower left) - nothing changes.

Here's a screenshot of my efforts, using XnView's home page as a sample. I selected the words 'Image Viewer' as a test.

I've tried this with numerous 'effects' and none seem to be working so I'm obviously making a dumb mistake.
EDIT TO ADD:
I just tried randomly selecting other 'effects' and SOME are working; in fact, many of them work. Enhance focus has a visible effect; 'maximum' does 'something'; 'minimum' does something; and in the 'misc' section of the filter list, 'border', 'border 3d', 'crystalize', 'Edge Detect', 'Emboss', and more all seem to do 'something'. But 'blur' - even when set to 100% - has no effect.
EDIT AGAIN:
I just found this post (from 2015!)- https://forum.xnview.com/viewtopic.php?t=31694 - so I'm not alone!
Looks like "Average' is my best bet, but even at it's strongest setting, doesn't quite do the job.
I don't understand what 'Effect' / 'user filter' is supposed to do - can I adjust the strength of the filters here?
I currently use IrfanView and it blurs exactly as I would expect ... but I'm trying to switch over to XnView. Thanks for any advice.